Jinghpaw Laika Labau Kadun

Ga Hpaw

Lai wa sai 100 ning a shawng daw de, anhte Wunpawng sha ni, maisau
laika n lu ai amyu naw rai ga ai. Mau bung hku tsun dan hkrat wa ai
hta, Wunpawng sha ni shanhpyi laika ngu ai mi lu yu sai lam re. Dai
hpe ju dup sha kau ai majaw, myit kraw hpaji chye nna, dumsa, jaiwa,
laka, samwe, ji daw ngu ai, laika n yu ai sha n-gup ga hku na 2 ya 3
ya tsun tim n htum n ma hkraw ai kraw hpaji grai su ga ai, ngu tsun
shakawng la chye nga ga ai.

Dai gaw masha hkum shagu hta n mai byin ai. Masha shagu chye mat wa
ai lam gaw masat kumla hpe laika shatai la ai lam re. Ban prat law
law shachyaw nna ndai masat kumla hte nga pra lai wa saga ai. Ga
shadawn: grai myit dum ai lam tsun mayu yang, hpaw tsit matep kata e
samyit hte ri sumyan daw mi bang nna kumhpa hpa dat chye ma ai. Ga
law hkat saga nga yang majap shagun jaw ai hpe hkap la ai wa lachyum
chye htai la sai. Du sa wa na ring ngai nga ai hpe, hkindu daw ni daw
bang nna tau jaw dat jang kumhpa lu la ai wa manam hkap chye nga ai.
Majan baw saga nga yang wan tsi matep shagun jaw jang bu mi hte bu mi
majan hkyen wa lu nga ai. Shan jahkraw shing n rai katsing hkyep 2
matep shagun jaw dat yang gaw, mayu dama, hpu nau langai ngai hta
yawn hkyen shiga nga sai lam hpe ndau shana ai ladat chye galaw ga
ai. Dai lam ni gaw masat kumla hte matut mahkai htinglet ai lachyum
shapraw ai, Jinghpaw Laika rai sai.

Kumla prat lai nna, dai ni gaw anhte Wunpawng sha ni a matu maisau
laika lu ai latsa ning jan maga de rai wa saga ai re. Tinang a kraw
hta rawng ai lam hpe ka shapraw dan lu sai. Wunpawng sha ni maisau
laika lu la ai labau kadun gaw ndai hku rai nga ai.


Npawt Nhpang Gaw Da Ya Ai

1837 rai n du ai ten hta Wunpawng Jinghpaw amyu sha ni hte Sinna dan
masha ni rai n mu n chye n hkrum hkat ai. 1837 ning January 22 ya
shani, lawu ga Pyi mare na sasana Sara kaba Eugenio Kincaid gaw lahta
Myen mung daw de kawan katsan na sasana hkrum lam rawt ai. Inwa mare
kaw na Mali hka lam hku Shwegu, Manmaw de du ai. Dai hpang Mogawng de
du sai. Febuary praw 8 ya jahpawt Jinghpaw ni nga ai shara de hkawm
du nna, Jinghpaw sha ni hte shawng hkrum lu nu ai. Grai yu matsan dum
wa ai. Laika hpaji n chye ai, Chyum Mungga n na yu rai nna, n-gun
atsam marai grai rawng na zawn raitim, gri magra naw rai nga ai hpe
mu da ai. American Sasana ginjaw de Jinghpaw sha ni a matu sasana
sara san san shangun dat yang kaja na re, myit mada shara grai nga ai
lam tsun shana dat ai hte aja awa madi shadaw dat ya sai. Raitim dai
nsen gaw shaning 40 ning daram na hkra zim mat ai zawn, hkrang n
shapraw ya, bawngban dawdan ai lam n galaw ya ma ai.


Sasana Majen Je Hpang Sai

1876 December 22 ya shani Manmaw mare de, Sara kaba Josiah Cushing
hte Kayin Sara Bo Galay yan U Shwe Lin du ma ai. Salang Maran Bawmung
La ngu ai wa gaw Sam ga chye shaga ai hte, Sara kaba Cushing gaw Sam
sasana sara re ai hte maren Sam ga shaga nna matut mahkai lu ma
ai.Sara Bo Galay gaw Salang Bawmung La kaw 1877 January praw 1 ya kaw
nna laban bat mi Jinghpaw ga sharin la sai. Jinghpaw ga hku matut
mahkai ga chye shaga wa sai hte maren, Sara Bo Galay hpe shi a buga
Bumwa mare de sasana majen je na matu woi lung wa sai. Dai hpang bat
mi na jang Sara kaba Cushing hte U Shwe Lin yan Gauri Krung maga de
lung kawan du masai. Nhtoi 8 ya na hkra wa du hkawm maram da ma ai.
Dai ten hta hpu nau Myen ni hte Jinghpaw ni n ram hkat wa nna, gasat
gala byin ai majaw, Sasana sara ni yu mat wa ma ai. Masa bai kaja wa
ai ten hta Ko Htay hte Nay Thah ngu ai Kayin sara 2 hte Sara S'Peh
jan yan nu bai du lung wa nna Jinghpaw masha ni hpe kabu gara shiga
wa hkaw jahprang da masai.

1878 February 13 ya shani, Sara kaba Albert J. Lyon hte Mama yan gaw
Jinghpaw sasana san san galaw na matu, Manmaw de bai du sai. Sara
kaba Kincaid Jinghpaw masha ni hpe shawng mu ai hpang, shaning 41
nhtoi 5 ya ngu na shani hta she Jinghpaw sasana sara san san lu ai
hku re. Sara kaba yan mung, grai myit makun let sa wa ai rai timung,
hpa bungli aja awa rai n lu galaw shi yang, hkali chyang ana machyi
wa ai majaw, Sara kaba Lyon gaw 1878 March 15 ya shani Manmaw mare e
si wa nu ai. Shi a hpang Sara kaba William Henry Roberts hte Mama yan
Manmaw mare de 1879 January 12 ya shani bai du masai. Dai hpang
Dr.Ola Hanson hte Mama gaw 1890 December 22 ya shani bai du sai.
Sasana sara ni bai hkan du jat wa sai hte maren Karai Wa a ninghtoi
hte kabu gara shiga nli gat hkai mat wa masai. Ladat woi shaw ai hta
laika hpaji jawng hpaw ya ai, sharin achyin sasana, shamai shatsai ya
ai tsi sasana hte Chyum Laika sharin ya ai hkaw tsun dan ai sasana
ladat ni rai nga ai.


Laika Lu La Ai Amyu Tai Wa Saga Ai

( 1 ) 1834 ning hta Sara kaba Brownson ngu ai wa gaw, Rama laika
hkum hte Mung Nun ga hku nna, Jinghpaw laika galaw yu sai re. N byin
mat ai lam chye lu ai.

( 2 ) 1873 ning hta Kayin Sasana Sara kaba Francis Mason ngu ai wa
gaw, Myen laika hkum hte Jinghpaw laika gyin yu sai. N awng dang mat
ai.

( 3 ) 1876 ning hta Manmaw wa du ai Sam Sasana Sara kaba Cushing
gaw, Jinghpaw ga hkum 1500 daram hpe gaw, sawk shinggyin yu nu ai
raitim, tang rai n du ai majaw, Myen laika hkum hte she, Jinghpaw
laika gyin shalat yu sai. 1877 October 3 ya shani, Tara san laika ka
shapraw da sai. Grauri nsen gau law wu ai majaw, Masha ni nau n chye
hkap la ya ma ai.

( 4 ) 1879 ning hta Sara kaba Roberts hte Sara kaba Cushing gaw
Myen hte Kayin laika kanu hpe lang nna Jinghpaw laika bai gyin shalat
yu ma ai. Raitim n byin ai lam chye lu ai.

( 5 ) 1881 ning hta Sara kaba Crownkhite yan Mama mung, Myen laika
hkum hte Jinghpaw laika bai galaw shakut ya yu masai re.

( 6 ) 1883 ning hta Sara kaba Ferguson ngu ai wa, Myen laika kanu
hte Jinghpaw laika bai ka gyin yu sai.

( 7 ) Sara kaba Dr. Ola Hanson Manmaw ga du ai hte lahta de na lam
ni hpe na lu sai. Dai labau ni hpe maram masam mat wa yu sai.

Jinghpaw amyu sha ni shaga ai ga hpe Lana Laika ga,
Lahkum ga, Gara ga, Gauri ga, Hkahku ga, Hukawng ga ni hte Mungmyit
Sinli ga, Mungbaw Namhkyek ga, Gapna ga ni hpe buga shara shagu hkan
du madat maram yu ai hte shi ka matsing mat wa ai. Laika hkum 10,000
mi mahkawng la nu ai. Shani shagu lang nga ai ga hkum gaw 7000 ~ 8000
lapran e rai nga ai lam hkaja lu nu ai. Shing rai, 1834 ning hta Sara
kaba Brownson galaw chyam yu nna tawn kau sai, Roma laika kanu hte
shi tam mahkawng da ai ga ni hpe ka shachyaw chyam yu wu yang, madat
ai wa a na hta, ai hkyawm sha nga ai da. Ntam ga, laka ga, dumsa
jaiwa ga ni, ga malai, ga shagawp ni, mahkawn ga ni ka chyam yu tim,
ai sha hkren hprang nga ai re da. Myit su du salang ni hpe hti dan,
tsun dan yu tim, grai htap htuk na ra sharawng awng ya ma ai da.




Daidaw Masat Ai Lam

Roma laika hkum hte gyin shalat da lu sai ndai Jinghpaw laika hpe dai
aten hta up hkang nga ai Inglik Asuya du ni hku nna mung, masat
shagrin ya na matu hpyi tang shawn sai. Shaloi, Myen mung Hkawhkam
malai Governor wa a ahkang hte hpaw ninghtan da ya ai komiti salang
ni rai nga ai Manmaw Ayebyeng du kaba Mr. F. Lewishon (ningbaw),
Anglican Hpung a malai shanhpraw Bumdu ni, Francis Jau Sasana Hpung a
malai Father Accarion, Hkalup Hpung a malai Sara kaba Roberts hte Dr.
Ola Hanson ni lawm ai hte 1895 ning May shata praw 5 ya (bat manga
ya) shani e yawng myit hkrum masat shagrin da ya masai re. Laika
sharin jawng ni hta mung, lang mai, sharin ya mai sai lam myit hkrum
da ya masai.

Ndai Jinghpaw laika hte Wunpawng amyu sha ni amyu lakung kru hte gaw
shada ga hkrum wa lu sai rai nna, shawa ga, shawa laika byin wa sai.
Sara kaba Hanson gaw Jinghpaw gramma laika "Kachin Hand Book" hpe
mung 1892 ning hta ka shapraw da ya sai. Laika hkum 11,000 rawng ai
Hanson Dictionary laika buk hpe mung 1906 June 1 ya shani dip shapraw
da lu sai. Jinghpaw laika Npawt Nhpang gaw da ya sai lam re.

1907 ning hta Jawng kaji hpung nna tsang mali du hkra na Jinghpaw
laika hpe Sara kaba J.F. Ingram hte Manmaw Norman jawng Sara Maran La
Nau yan ka jahtuk da ya sai. Bai tsang 5, 6 hkan hti lang lu na
Hkristan Bu Hkawm laika hpe mung ga gale nna dip shapraw ya masai.
Ndai laika ni lu lajang mat wa sai hte maren, 1916 ning nna gaw tsep
kawp htangdip dut shabra ya lu sai re.

Laika grin ai kaw nna Sara kaba Hanson mung Chyum laika hpe ga gale
hpang mat wa sai. Ya anhte lang nga ai jinghpaw mahkawn mangoi buk na
nambat 252, "Yesu Ngai Hpe Tsawra Nga" hpe shawng gale hpang sai re.
Sara Damau Naw karum la ai hte Yawhan a kabu gara shiga laika shawng
dip shapraw sai. Dai hpang Luka Laika, Npawt Nhpang Laika hte Pru Mat
Wa Ai Laika ni hpe bai matut gale mat wa sai. 1921 ning hta Ga Shaka
Ningnan hpe tsep kawp gale ngut sai. 1926 August 11 ya shani Ga Shaka
Dingsa hpe gale ngut sai rai nna, Chyum laika buk ting hpe shangut da
lu sai. Shing rai mungkan na American Hkalup Hpung a labau htingnu na
matsing laika buk jahpan hta No. 436 hte maren mazing da ya masai
lam, "The Book of a Thousand Tongues in 1938" ngu ai laika buk hta
rawng nga ai. Chyum laika hpe gale dip ai bungli hta Mama hte Sara
kaba Hanson gaw, shawng maga de 6 lang bat, hpang maga de kalang bat
hti shajaw (proof reading) da ya sai. Laika buk byin hkra dip ya ai
wa gaw, Jinghpaw ga mung n chye, Jinghpaw laika mung n chye ai Gala
la wa dip ai re lam hpe Mama Hanson ka da ai laika hta mu lu ai.
Chyum laika gale karum la ai Jinghpaw Sara Usa marai manga re ai hta,
shawng nnan e Sara Usa Damau Naw, shi a hpang e Sara Usa Lashi Naw,
de hpang Sara Usa Myitung Naw Tawng, dai hpang Sara Usa Lahpai Seng
Li rai nna hpang jahtum gale karum ai gaw Sara Usa Labya De re lam
chye lu ai.


Jawng Hpaw Hpang Wa Ai Lam

Sara kaba Roberts gaw 1879 January 12 ya shani Manmaw du ai kaw nna
Jinghpaw masha ni hpe laika sharin jawng hpaw ya na lam myit hpang wa
nna, byin lu na lam tam shakut wa sai.

Sara kaba Roberts, Sara Bo Galay, Sara kaba Cushing, Sara Shwe Lin,
Sara S'Peh, Sara Ko Htay, Sara Nay Thah ni a shakut shaja atsam dat
nna Chyum laika sharin ya, kabu gara shiga nli tum gat hkai ai marang
e asi si pru wa ai hte, Jinghpaw masha kau mi nat kabai kau nna, Madu
Yesu hpe hkap la wa sai. Shing rai 1882 March 19 ya na laban hta
Bumwa kahtawng na Namawk hka hta Sara kaba Roberts gaw marai 7 hpe
hkalup jaw, muk shabyi poi daw woi sha nna, Jinghpaw Hkalup Hpung hpe
Bumwa mare e shawng de hpang dat lu sai.

Sara kaba Roberts gaw Hkalup Hpung de da sai hpang shi myit makun nga
ai laika sharin jawng hpaw lu na lam tam sai. Mandalay ga na Myen,
Thi Baw Hkawhkam wa kaw sa nna ahkaw ahkang hpyi wu ai. 1882 ning hta
ndai lam shakut wa ai shaloi Hkawhkam wa mung Manmaw Myo Wun U Htun
Chyoi hpe laika ka ya dat nna, Jinghpaw ni hpe laika sharin ya na
ahkang hte sasana hting-ra masat jaw ya na lam shatsam dat sai. Myo
Wun wa mung Manmaw gatbaw maga de lamu ga eka 3 shadawn jaw ya ai da.

Sara kaba Roberts gaw, dai lamu ga hting-ra hpe sasana wang hku kum
lajang la nna, nga na nta hte laika sharin nta ni, lusha shadu na nta
ni gap shajin la nhtawm, 1883 May 1 ya shani Jinghpaw ma ni a matu
laika sharin jawng hpaw hpang dat lu sai. Jawngma numsha 3, lasha 7,
yawng marai 10 re ai hpe Myen laika hte Inglik laika sharin ya hpang
sai.

Dai hpang Sara kaba George J. Geis mung Myitkyina ga hta 1897 ning e
jawngma 6 hte jawng hpaw hpang wa sai. Manmaw ga, Lana Wora bum e
1897 ning hta Sara Labang La woi awn nna jawng hpaw jat sai. 1899
ning hta Nbapa kaw mung, Sarama Labya Lu woi awn ai hte jawng hpaw
jat lu sai. Ning rai sharin wa ai hta tinang a ga, laika ni hte hpaji
sharin la wa lu nna, bum ga de nhtoi htoi wa sai. Mahkawn kadun kadaw
hte Ja Chyum ga ni chye wa magang sai. Jinghpaw laika ni mung pru wa
magang sai hte maren, grau n-gun lu ai hku sharin la wa lu sai. Laika
n chye ai sha hpyen shang sa mat wa ai wa-ngan la ni, Hpyen jan ni a
matu mung, ahkaw ahkang lam hpaw wa sai. Hpyen dap ginjaw rung kaw
nna Sara kaba Hanson hpe Jinghpaw laika sa du sharin ya na matu saw
shaga dat ai shaloi, 1923 ning hta laban bat 3 sha sa du sharin
shachyen da ya sai. Dai majaw Burma Military Education ngu hkap la
nna n chye n mai hku sharin ya mat wa ai hte rap ra ai hku laika chye
jat wa lu sai. Bum ga de mung asak ram ram kaba wa sai ramma ni laika
hpaji sharin na jawng de sa hprawng lung la ai ni law wa ai hte laika
chye masha jat she jat wa sai.


Jinghpaw Shi Laika

Jinghpaw laika lu hpang wa ai hte maren, 1914 ning August shata kaw
nna, Jinghpaw Shi Laika hpe shapraw hpang wa lu sai. Laika man 3 sha
rawng ai hte hpang wa nna, Sara kab Rev. George J. Geis gaw yawng a
shawng na Editor rai sai. Ndai shi laika mung galu kaba wa ai hte
hpang jahtum laika man 32 rawng ai shata shagu shapraw ai shi laika
byin wa sai re. December shata hta gaw laika man 40 du hkra rawng ai
hpe mu hti lu nga ai.

Dai shi laika hta Hpung shiga, shinggan hpaji shiga hkum sumhpa, Myen
mungdan kata shara shagu du hkawm nga ai Sara ni, Asuya magam gun ni,
hpyen du hpyen ma ni, buga hpung ni hpe n-gun jaw ai shiga ni hpe
bang jaw ai majaw, hti ai masha jat she jat wa ai. Myen mung shinggan
de du hkawm nga ai ni mung, tinang du nga maigan ginra na shiga lam
ni hpe, shi laika hta bang shalawm jaw dat lu masai. India, Malasia,
Singapore mung hkan du nna, mung shinggan hpaji myi mu, na na ai hte
maren, shi laika hta bang nna garan kachyan lu masai. Jinghpaw laika
akyu grai pru nga ai hte shawa masha law law grai akyu hkam sha lu
sai.

Moi prat daw mi hta Jinghpaw bum ga de Jinghpaw laika hpe Bumdu rung,
Tawng-ok rung hkan ka lang asung jashawn lai wa lu sai. Aming jaw ai
lam ni hta Jinghpaw laika grai lang lai wa sai.

Ndai laika gaw makam masham lam hku hpung n bung hkat ai raitim,
nawku hpung law law hta Jinghpaw laika hte ka ai makam masham laika
ni law law hpe ka shapraw da nna asung jashawn nga lu saga ai.
Magazine laika law law hta mung, tsi ndau shiga ni hta mung, sakse
hkam laika ni hta mung asung jashawn lu nga sai. Mahkawn htuk shalat
ai yu ngwi ningtam hpaji ninghkring ni mung grai asung jashawn lu
sai. Masha hte masha matut mahkai hkat ai hta mung grai akyu jaw ai
laika sutgan sali wunli majing nan rai nga ai law.

Mau bung hku sha hkai yu hkat wa ai, Mat mat ai laika ya Bai lu la
sai hku rai nga ai. Dai hpe atsawm mazing kyem rem nna asung jashawn
jai lang nga yang, moi na sasana sara kaba ni, Mama ni hpe myit dum
hkungga ai mung rai na re. Karai Kasang a chyeju hpe mung n malap ai
amyu ni tai na ga ai.

Myuwp